Hair-waving pad



March 31,1925.

L. INGRASSIA mun wAvine PAD Filed April 27, 1923 B l'NVEItlTCfR W?ATTORNEY PATENT OFFICE.

LEON INGRASSIA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HAIR-WAVING PAD.

Application filed April 27, 1923. Serial No. 635,127.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEON INoRAssIA, a citizen of the United States, andresident of New York city, in the county of Kings and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hair W'aving Pads,of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to an improved hair protecting pad for use on apersons hair in the method of imparting a permanent wave to the hair,and the invention herein constitutes a development of the inventionsdefined in my two applications, Serial No. 546,869,.Composition ofmatter, filed March 25, 1922, and Serial No. 611,730, Hair waving pads,filed January 10th, 1923.

In the earlier of the above-identified ap plications-there is featuredthe use of min-- eral .oil in combination with the use of certain knownprotecting salts, and which oil was shown to possess certain hairprotecting values and assisted the action of the salts inminimizing thedeleterious action of the extremely high temperature heat employed inthe art of permanent hair waving.

In the latter of'the 'above identified applicati ns there was featuredthe utilization of the oil composition as a filler for an absorbentmaterial such as felt, and which filled fabric was cut to shape and usedas a protecting pad between the coiled hair and the electric heaterusually employed in permanent hair waving operations.

While this pad with its combination of dried salts and small amount ofoil is admirably suited for its intended purpose, where there is not anextensive time. delay between its manufacture and its use, it has beenfound that pads prepared in the manncr suggested in the precedingapplications have a disadvantage in that they become stiff and frangiblewhen permitted to remain in a dry condition over a long. period of timebefore being used. Apparently the impregnating salts used in these padsbecome crystallized after the pads have been extensively dried over along period of time and when so dried easily break.

Accordingly, the primary object of the present disclosure is to providea pad which has all of the advantages inherent in the pads formed by themethod defined in application, Serial No. 611,730,such as convenience inapplying the salts with oil to the hair and w ch at the same time can bemaintained indefinitely without losing its flexible and pliablecharacteristics.

Broadly, I have found that it is necessary merely to feed the padsthrough pressure rollers, after the pads have been air dried, and thatthere results an article which can be maintained intact over a longperiod of time and which can then be used without danger of breaking,cracking or otherwise losing its original form.

Instead of adding the oil ingredient to the salt solution in which thepad is dipped following the disclosures in the previously .fiiedapplications, a better and cheaper form of pad may be provided byomitting the oil from the solution of salts in which the felt is dippedand by adding instead a thin film of oil to the pads after they havebecome dry.

Described more in detail, one practical means which has been triedsuccessfully is to prepare a water solution of any of the usual wellknown hair preserving substances, such as borax and sodium thiosulphate.The solution is boiled and while boiling, a sheet of felt or othersuitable absorbent fabric is dipped into the boiling liquid. Afterimmersing for a few minutes, the pads or sheet are withdrawn from theboiling solution and subjected to an air drying opera tion until thepads are dry to the touch. Before they are permitted to stifien' into acrystallized cake, the pads are fed through any suitable form of presserrollers, and there is at this time applied to one, or if desired bothsides, a thin film. of oil, such as the mineral oil suggested in thepreceding applications.

One convenient means of feeding the 011 is to cause one of the rollersto rotate in a bath of the oil and the roller thus acts as a feed rollerto supply oil to one side of th fabric simultaneously with the pressingoperation, all as is well known in the art of roller feeding of liquids.

The action of the rollers is apparently to effect a compressing of thesalt impregnated felt, and a breaking up of the cohesive shell definingthe surfaces on opposite sides of the fabric. The rollers also act aparently to force the oil through the abric with a greater proportion ofoil adjacent the surface to which it is applied than there is adjacentthe opposite surface. It has not the oil is the surface which is applieddirectly to the hair in the process of waving the hair.

There results from this method of preparing the pads an article whichcontains a substantially dry hair protecting salt, or salts, which isuniformly distributed throughout the thickness of the fabric and whichfabric has at least one side impregnated with oil. This pad can behandled without danger of breaking or cracking months after it has beenprepared and apparently maintains its characteristics indefinitely, orat least as long as the all-salt pads now in general use.

In the accompanying drawing. there' is disclosed a padprepared inaccordance with the method above described and Fig. 1 is perspectiveview showing such a pad wrapped about a coil of hair and disposed inoperative position in a conven tional form of heater and Fig. 2 is aperspective view of the pad p1 ior to being wrapped about the haircoil..

In the drawings there is shown a pad 10 for use in waving hair andconstituting a physical embodiment of theinvention.

In Fig. l-the pad is wrapped about a strand of hair 11 which is coiledon a curling rod 12. The assembly thus formed is enclosed in an electricheater 13.

The pad 10 is formed of a layer of absorbent material such as feltimpregnated with a water solution of protecting salts and when drypassed through presser rollers.

Both sides of the pad are impregnated with a thin film of oil with agreater proportion of oil adjacent the surface l lthan the oppositesurface. As shown in Fig. 1 the pad is applied with the side 14. havingthe greater amount of oil adjacent the head.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In the art of preparing a pad for use in subjecting hair to a wavingoperation, the method which consists in boiling a solution of a hairpreserving substance containing borax, soaking a fabric with the boilingsolution, subjecting the soaked fabric to a drying operation andsubjecting the dried fabric to the pressing action of a roller.

2. In the art of preparing a pad for use in subjecting hair to a wavingoperation, the method which consists in boiling a saline solution of ahair preserving substance, soaking a fabric with the boiling solution,subjecting the soaked fabric to a drying operation and subjecting thedried fabric to the pressing action of a roller having a layer of oil onthe surface engaging the fabric.

3. In the art of preparing a pad for protecting hair from thedeleterious action of the high tempered heat employed in the method ofpermanent hair waving, the process which consists in saturating a fabricwith a solution of hair protecting salts, drying the fabric sosaturated, and subjecting the dry fabric to pressure. v

A. In the art of preparing a pad for protecting hair from thedeleterious action of the high tempered heat employed in the method ofpermanent hair waving, the process which consists in saturating a fabricwith a solution of hair protecting salts, drying the fabric sosaturated, and subjecting the dry fabric to the action of a presserroller. 1

5. In the art of preparing a pad for protecting hair from thedeleterious action of the high tempered heat employed in the method ofpermanent hair waving, the process which consists in saturating a fabricwith a solution of hair protecting salts, drying the fabric sosaturated, and subjecting the dry fabric to pressure, and while feedinga layer of oil to one side of the fabric.

6. The method which consists in saturating a fabric with a hairpreserving substance containing a solution of a sodium salt, andsubjecting the fabric so saturated to compression.

1 7 The method which consists in dipping an absorbent material in asaline solution of a hair preserving substance, air drying the materialwith its absorbed substance, and passing the dry material betweenpresser rollers.

8. The method which consists in dipping an absorbent material in asaline solution of a hair preserving substance, air drying the materialwith its absorbed substance, and passing the dry material betweenpresser rollers while feeding a film of oil to one of the surfaces ofthe material.

9. A pad for use in waving hair including a fabric containing a dry,hair protecting substance diffused throughout the fabric insubstantially uniform amounts and said fabric saturated with oildisposed in greater predominance adjacent one surface than adjacent theopposite surface, whereby one surface will be more oily to the touchthan the other surface.

10. A flat flexible pad for use in waving hair including a layer of feltcontaining borax powder and containing oil disposed in unequal amountsthroughout the thickness of the felt with more adjacent one surface thanadjacent the other surface.

11. A flexible pad for use in waving hair, including a heat resistantmaterial saturated on the side adapted to bedisposed in contact with thehair with an oil.

Signed at New York city, in the county of Kings, and State of New York,this 29th day of January, A. D. 1923.

LEON INGRASSIA.

